Over 37,000 adult and 3,250 pediatric PLHIV have received HIV treatment at BJGMC in Pune, India, which is one of the largest HIV ART programs in the country. Of these, approximately 6,800 adult and 300 pediatric PLHIV are currently receiving HIV treatment. BJGMC-JHU investigators will continue to expand the BJGMC-JHU India cohort to address inter-related research objectives within the HIV care continuum: 1) to understand longitudinal changes in metabolic parameters among PLHIV; 2) to evaluate dolutegravir-associated clinical, immunologic, and virologic outcomes, and metabolic changes and adverse drug effects; 3) to study long-term engagement in the cascade of HIV care and services, and factors associated with retention and disengagement; 4) to better understand the drivers of the syndemics of HIV, latent TB infection, TB, and diabetes; and 5) to leverage current mental health research among adolescents and young adults to better understand the effects sex and socio-economic status on mental health and HIV treatment outcomes.