Surgery can help decrease the size of tumors pressing on the spine or spinal cord and can sometimes remove them completely. Johns Hopkins has been an early adopter of several technologies that have made surgery for spinal tumors safer and more effective. For example, many surgeries now incorporate image guidance, a type of “surgical GPS” that allows surgeons to navigate through patients’ anatomy in real time during operations. This tool makes it easier to effectively remove tumors while also sparing healthy tissue. Additionally, an increasing number of spinal tumor surgeries can be done using minimally invasive techniques. This can reduce the risk of some complications from surgery and speed recovery.