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Ciccarone Center Research

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PLoS One

Ten-year trends in coronary calcification in individuals without clinical cardiovascular disease in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.
By: Bild DE, McClelland R, Kaufman JD, Blumenthal R, Burke GL, Carr JJ, Post WS, Register TC, Shea S, Szklo M.

Researchers reported a significant secular trend toward increased prevalence of CAC over 10 years among African-Americans and no change in three other ethnic groups..

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A systematic review of internet-based worksite wellness approaches for cardiovascular disease risk management: outcomes, challenges and opportunities.
By: Aneni EC, Roberson LL, Maziak W, Agatston AS, Feldman T, Rouseff M, Tran TH, Blumenthal RS, Blaha MJ, Blankstein R, Al-Mallah MH, Budoff MJ, Nasir K.
Internet-based programs hold promise for improving the cardiovascular wellness among employees. However, much work is required to fully understand its utility and long-term impact, especially in special/at-risk populations.
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Thyroid hormones and electrocardiographic parameters: findings from the third national health and nutrition examination survey.
By: Zhang Y, Post WS, Cheng A, Blasco-Colmenares E, Tomaselli GF, Guallar E.
Variation in thyroid hormone levels in the general population, even within the normal range, was associated with various changes in electrocardiograms.
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Non-invasive detection of coronary endothelial response to sequential handgrip exercise in coronary artery disease patients and healthy adults.
By: Hays AG, Stuber M, Hirsch GA, Yu J, Schär M, Weiss RG, Gerstenblith G, Kelle S.
This study showed that coronary endothelial function does not change with repeated isometric handgrip stress in CAD patients or healthy subjects.
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Gene-centric meta-analysis of lipid traits in African, East Asian and Hispanic populations.
By: Elbers CC, Guo Y, Tragante V, van Iperen EP, Lanktree MB, Castillo BA, Chen F, Yanek LR, Wojczynski MK, Li YR, Ferwerda B, Ballantyne CM, Buxbaum SG, Chen YD, Chen WM, Cupples LA, Cushman M, Duan Y, Duggan D, Evans MK, Fernandes JK, Fornage M, Garcia M, Garvey WT, Glazer N, Gomez F, Harris TB, Halder I, Howard VJ, Keller MF, Kamboh MI, Kooperberg C, Kritchevsky SB, LaCroix A, Liu K, Liu Y, Musunuru K, Newman AB, Onland-Moret NC, Ordovas J, Peter I, Post W, Redline S, Reis SE, Saxena R, Schreiner PJ, Volcik KA, Wang X, Yusuf S, Zonderland AB, Anand SS, Becker DM, Psaty B, Rader DJ, Reiner AP, Rich SS, Rotter JI, Wilson JG, Keating BJ, et al.
Meta-analyses of European populations has successfully identified genetic variants in over 100 loci associated with lipid levels. This study seeks to expand our knowledge in other ethnicities, which remains limited.
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Achieving secondary prevention low-density lipoprotein particle concentration goals using lipoprotein cholesterol-based data.
By: Mathews SC, Mallidi J, Kulkarni K, Toth PP, Jones SR.

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Activated TLR signaling in atherosclerosis among women with lower Framingham risk score: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.
By: Huang CC, Liu K, Pope RM, Du P, Lin S, Rajamannan NM, Huang QQ, Jafari N, Burke GL, Post W, Watson KE, Johnson C, Daviglus ML, Lloyd-Jones DM.
Traditional risk factors can be used to identify individuals at high risk for developing CVD and are generally associated with the extent of atherosclerosis, the leading cause of CVD. However, substantial numbers of individuals at low or intermediate risk still develop atherosclerosis. Gene expression profiles of peripheral blood may be a useful tool to identify individuals with significant burden of atherosclerosis, even among those with low predicted risk by clinical factors. Furthermore, our data suggest an intimate connection between atherosclerosis and the innate immune system and inflammation via TLR signaling in lower risk individuals.
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Coffee, alcohol, smoking, physical activity and QT interval duration: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
By: Zhang Y, Post WS, Dalal D, Blasco-Colmenares E, Tomaselli GF, Guallar E.
Abnormalities in the electrocardiographic QT interval duration have been associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. However, there is substantial uncertainty about the effect of modifiable factors such as coffee intake, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity on QT interval duration. We studied 7,795 men and women from NHANES III. Binge drinking was associated with longer QT interval in men but not in women. QT interval duration was not associated with other modifiable factors, including coffee and tea intake, smoking, and physical activity.
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Statistical modeling of Agatston score in multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA).
By: Ma S, Liu A, Carr J, Post W, Kronmal R.
We show that, to fully describe the relationship between covariates and CAC development, the semiparametric model with nonproportional covariate effects is needed. In contrast, for the purpose of prediction, the parametric model with proportional covariate effects is sufficient. This study provides a statistical basis for describing the behaviors of CAC and insights into its biological mechanisms.
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Genome-wide association study identifies GPC5 as a novel genetic locus protective against sudden cardiac arrest.
By: Arking DE, Reinier K, Post W, Jui J, Hilton G, O’Connor A, Prineas RJ, Boerwinkle E, Psaty BM, Tomaselli GF, Rea T, Sotoodehnia N, Siscovick DS, Burke GL, Marban E, Spooner PM, Chakravarti A, Chugh SS.
A novel genetic locus for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), GPC5, was identified from Oregon-Sudden Unexpected Death Study (SUDS) and successfully validated in the ARIC and CHS cohorts. Three other members of the Glypican family have been previously implicated in human disease, including cardiac conditions. The mechanism of this specific association requires further study.
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