The Brady's Active Surveillance program has reached a milestone: 20 years of carefully following men with low-risk prostate cancer.

What could make robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy even better? How about another robot?

Previously, doctors have only been able to see prostate cancer, either as a tumor or at metastatic sites, when there have been enough cancer cells gathered together to make a critical mass that would show up on MRI or another form of imaging. There was no way to target prostate cancer cells specifically.

Charred foods carry a chemical compound that may cause prostate, breast and colorectal cancer. But there's good news: It pays to eat your veggies.

Telomeres are bits of specialized DNA found at the ends of every chromosome. As we age, our telomeres get progressively shorter and we become more vulnerable to illness.

Because of the groundbreaking research of urologist Ted Schaeffer, M.D., Ph.D., scientists know that prostate cancer is more aggressive in men of African descent than it is in Caucasian men.

The body's own immune system can pack an amazing punch. When the body decides to recognize something as an enemy and the full power of its militia kicks in, the effect can be powerful — too powerful in the case of an autoimmune disease, and not powerful enough in cancer.

Think about aggressive treatment for metastatic prostate cancer, and what comes to mind? Most likely, it's not cryo- therapy or immunotherapy — or putting these two therapies together. But that may soon change.

"Recent advances in our understanding of the immune system have resulted in a sea change in the treatment of aggressive malignancies," says Brady scientist Charles Drake, M.D., Ph.D.

In a new study, researchers have looked to see which is more accurate at predicting a man's risk of developing prostate cancer: a family history of the disease, or specific genetic risks, determined by looking at his DNA.

So you had radical prostatectomy and things have been going pretty well. You feel good, and your PSA remains undetectable. It's been several years now; are you out of the woods?

Although cancer biologists know a lot about how to work with and around some of the body's DNA-fixing mechanisms, there's a new repairman in town, genetically speaking: A newly discovered class of genes called microRNAs.

PIN, short for "prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm" is a condition in prostate biopsy tissue that pathologists see under the microscope.

Hormonal therapy takes away a driving force of prostate cancer – testosterone. It can work well for many years, but eventually the prostate cancer cells figure out how to adapt to the low-testosterone environment, and they begin to grow.

Does testosterone therapy raise your risk of getting prostate cancer or having a heart attack? For definitive answers, large-scale, long-term controlled studies are needed, says Arthur L. Burnett, M.D.

For the first time, a blood test is available to help men with advanced prostate cancer determine if certain medicines will work – or if they can avoid the trouble and cost of taking expensive drugs that won't fight their cancer.

There is a brand new way to target cancers, and cancer biologist Marikki Laiho, M.D., Ph.D., the Willard and Lillian Hackerman Professor in Radiation Oncology, is one of only two scientists in the country funded by the National Institutes of Health to work on it.

Elizabeth Platz Sc.D., M.P.H. and colleagues published the results of two studies in Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, and Prostate, respectively.

When the cat's away, the mice will play. That's what's happening, on a very tiny scale, in aggressive prostate cancer, and it's being demonstrated in important work by urologic pathologists Tamara Lotan, M.D., Angelo M. De Marzo, M.D., Ph.D., and colleagues.

For men who undergo surgery, the nerve-sparing techniques discovered by Walsh have been shown to help preserve sexual function.

One of prostate cancer's worst features is its ability to spread to distant sites. How do they do it? Research has turned up an important clue — and a potential new avenue for treatment.

How do scientists develop a new treatment for prostate cancer? First, they need a safe way to test it before they even think about trying it in humans. Learn more about a new laboratory model that has the potential to do a lot of good for men desperately in need of treatment for advanced prostate cancer.

There are bits of cancer that have spread, or metastasized, beyond the prostate, but not that many, and not at very many locations in the body. Cancer in this state is still vulnerable, and still responds to treatment. See how new research is uncovering cancer's weaknesses.

Prostate Cancer Metastasis: New Discoveries

Here you'll find some of the exciting work this year's award winners are doing.

The standard of care for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer is radical cystectomy, the surgical removal of the bladder. Who would do well with this procedure, and who is a poor candidate?

Two new studies are helping identify bladder cancer patients who will benefit most from chemotherapy before radical cystectomy.

Who can safely avoid surgery? Researchers have created a registry to make sure that active surveillance is a safe option.

Many kidney tumors are slow-growing and may not ever need to be treated. Using imaging tests, doctors can now identify benign tumors.

Risk-stratification is like "picking out the bad apples and leaving the good behind," says Brady chief resident Mark Ball, M.D. Ball and colleagues have been working on ways to help predict the risks of kidney tumors.

Minimally-invasive RPLND may offer better outcomes when compared to open procedures.