Speech-language pathologists at Johns Hopkins Hospital provide a wide range of services including evaluation and treatment for pediatric and adult patients with impairments in speech, language, cognition and swallowing. People enlist the services of a speech-language pathologist for the following disorders: Speech disorders are the incorrect production of speech sounds and can begin in childhood or occur later in life, often as result of stroke, injury or illness. Language disorders are difficulties in understanding what is said and/or expressing thoughts, feelings and experiences as well as difficulty with reading and writing. Language disorders can be the result of delayed development or stroke, drug use, brain injury or illness. Cognitive communication disorders are impairments in attention, perception, memory, organization, reasoning and problem solving that interfere with a person's return to previous activities and are common after head injury or stroke. Dysphagiais difficulty with feeding and swallowing that occurs with children and adults. It is often the result of illness, surgery, stroke or injury. Voice disorders are difficulties in utilizing the larynx efficiently and effectively for speech. These occur in patients with vocal abuse, paradoxical vocal fold movement, laryngectomy and dysphonia. Ventilator and tracheostomy dependency results in difficulty speaking and swallowing. There are a number of options available for speaking with a tracheostomy. Augmentative and alternative communications provides various means of communication for those who cannot use speech as a primary means of communication. Video swallow study is an instrumental assessment of swallowing to assess swallow safety and to make recommendations regarding diet and specific techniques. For more information about Johns Hopkins Speech-Language Pathology services, please call 410-955-6758. | 
