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Ciccarone Articles

Ciccarone Center Research

Year

2011

Landmark Articles

Evidence of dependence of lipoprotein(a) on triglyceride and HDL metabolism.
By: Konerman M, Kulkarni K, Toth PP, Jones SR.

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Plaque composition and stenosis severity: is there any hope for plaque regression?
By: Al-Mallah MH, Nasir K.
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Potential use of coronary artery calcium progression to guide therapy and management of patients at risk for coronary artery disease.
By: McEvoy JW, Blaha MJ, Blumenthal RS, Jones SR, Nasir K.
This review examines the strengths and limitations of the existing data purporting to show an incremental prognostic benefit of looking at progression of CAC.
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Short-term effect of atorvastatin on carotid artery elasticity: a pilot study.
By: Ratchford EV, Gutierrez J, Lorenzo D, McClendon MS, Della-Morte D, DeRosa JT, Elkind MS, Sacco RL, Rundek T.
Short-term treatment with high-dose atorvastatin was associated with improvement in the carotid elasticity metrics. Carotid artery elasticity measured by B-mode ultrasound is a simple noninvasive measure of arterial wall function and may be a useful surrogate end point in clinical trials targeting individuals at increased risk for atherosclerosis.
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Comprehensive lipid management in the coronary artery disease patient.
By: Amin NP, Blaha MJ, Chow GV, Blumenthal RS, Ashen MD.

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the lipoprotein most implicated in atherosclerosis, and aggressive statin therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment. Adjunct therapies are often required to reach LDL-C goals, and recent studies have only fueled the debate over ezetimibe versus niacin. Alternate dosing regimens of high-potency statins can be used in those who cannot tolerate side effects. Residual risk may remain after LDL-C goals are achieved. Non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C) must be calculated in patients with elevated triglycerides. Omega-3 fatty acids are most effective in lowering non–HDL-C. Low HDL-C levels can be raised with niacin, but clinical events may not be significantly reduced. Newer therapeutic targets, such as cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors, raise HDL-C and are being evaluated for safety and efficacy. Several ongoing, randomized controlled trials are investigating the relative efficacy of adjunctive therapies for reducing coronary heart disease events in high-risk patients.

Genome-wide association study for coronary artery calcification with follow-up in myocardial infarction.
By: O’Donnell CJ, Kavousi M, Smith AV, Kardia SL, Feitosa MF, Hwang SJ, Sun YV, Province MA, Aspelund T, Dehghan A, Hoffmann U, Bielak LF, Zhang Q, Eiriksdottir G, van Duijn CM, Fox CS, de Andrade M, Kraja AT, Sigurdsson S, Elias-Smale SE, Murabito JM, Launer LJ, van der Lugt A, Kathiresan S; CARDIoGRAM Consortium, Krestin GP, Herrington DM, Howard TD, Liu Y, Post W, et al.

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) detected by computed tomography is a noninvasive measure of coronary atherosclerosis, which underlies most cases of myocardial infarction (MI). We sought to identify common genetic variants associated with CAC and further investigate their associations with MI. SNPs in the 9p21 and PHACTR1 gene loci were strongly associated with CAC and MI, and there are suggestive associations with both CAC and MI of SNPs in additional loci. Multiple genetic loci are associated with development of both underlying coronary atherosclerosis and clinical events.

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Association between sleep apnea, snoring, incident cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in an adult population: MESA.
By: Yeboah J, Redline S, Johnson C, Tracy R, Ouyang P, Blumenthal RS, Burke GL, Herrington DM.
We assessed the association between sleep apnea, snoring, incident CV events and all-cause mortality in the Multi Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort and concluded that sleep apnea, but not habitual snoring, was associated with high incident CV events and all-cause mortality in a multi-ethnic population-based study of adults free of clinical CV disease at baseline.
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Differentiation of severe coronary artery calcification in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
By: Coylewright M, Rice K, Budoff MJ, Blumenthal RS, Greenland P, Kronmal R, Barr RG, Burke GL, Tracy R, Post WS.
Both high and very high levels of coronary artery calcium are associated with an elevated risk of CHD events in those without symptomatic CHD at baseline; however, very high CAC is associated with an increased risk of angina, but not CHD death or MI, as compared to high CAC.
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Impact of lung transplantation on serum lipids in COPD.
By: Reed R, Hashmi S, Eberlein M, Iacono A, Netzer G, DeFilippis A, Girgis R, Toth P, Scharf S, Jones S.

Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with high HDL cholesterol (HDL-C). We sought to examine the effect of lung transplantation on lipid profiles in patients with COPD. In patients with COPD, lung transplantation results in reductions in the serum levels of HDL-C. These changes are not observed in patients undergoing lung transplantation for diagnoses other than COPD.

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Short-term effect of atorvastatin on carotid artery elasticity.
By: Ratchford EV, Gutierrez J, Lorenzo D, McClendon MS, Della-Morte D, DeRosa JT, Elkind MSV, Sacco RL, Rundek T.
Short-term treatment with high-dose atorvastatin was associated with improvement in the carotid elasticity metrics. Carotid artery elasticity measured by B-mode ultrasound is a simple noninvasive measure of arterial wall function and may be a useful surrogate end point in clinical trials targeting individuals at increased risk for atherosclerosis.
Read on Pubmed