After being turned down by two major academic medical centers, Tammy, a Jehovah’s Witness, had her surgery performed at Johns Hopkins without the use of a blood transfusion.

Frank Culp needed a coronary artery bypass surgery, but doctors at Bloodless Medicine and Surgery at Johns Hopkins performed an "off-pump" cardiac surgery where the heart lung bypass machine is not used.

Hazel Skinner has suffered from chronic illnesses for 15 years. Although the doctors in Pennsylvania were respectful of her wishes to avoid blood products, after a hospital stay of three months she felt the need to seek more effective options.

Wallace Johnson visited another hospital that told him he needed a heart valve replacement, but they did not feel comfortable doing this type of surgery in a Jehovah's Witness patient, since blood transfusion was not an option.