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Craniosynostosis
Craniosynostosis is defined as the premature closing of one or
more of the spaces that are normally present between individual
bones of the skull. Normally soft tissues are present within these
spaces, called cranial sutures.
Approximately one infant in every 2,500 to 3,000 births will have
premature closure of the cranial sutures and have an associated
skull deformity. Infants born with abnormal skull shapes should
be evaluated for craniosynostosis. Some abnormal skull shapes at
birth may be related to fetal head position and not premature fusion
of sutures; this type of deformity will usually correct itself in
several months. When a ridge is palpated in the area of a suture,
craniosynostosis is suspected. A CT scan can be used to verify the
presence of a fused suture and thereby, make the diagnosis of craniosynostosis.
The exact cause of craniosynostosis is not known, but experts agree
that it is due to both genetic and environmental factors. The majority
of children with craniosynostosis are the first in the family with
this condition and have no other abnormalities, but children born
with craniosynostosis should be carefully assessed by a craniofacial
team in order to detect other abnormalities that can be associated
with craniosynostosis. Syndromes are conditions with more than one
abnormality; there are more than 100 syndromes that include craniosynostosis
as a feature.
Once a complete assessment of the child with craniosynostosis has
been performed by a multidisciplinary team of experts, a plan for
treatment can be outlined. Various non-surgical treatment methods
can help to correct the abnormal shape of the skull caused by fetal
or neonatal head position. The objective of surgical intervention
is to release a fused suture if it is necessary to allow continued
brain growth and prevent abnormal neurologic function. Gene testing
is available for some types of craniosynostosis.
How to reach us
To schedule an appointment or obtain further information about
the above-listed disorders — including educational materials,
opportunities to participate in ongoing research, and treatment
options — call the Johns Hopkins Center
for Craniofacial Development and Disorders at (410) 955-4160.
Or visit our Center's Web Site at http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/craniofacial.
Last Updated:
6/10/02
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